Selvedge Formation Techniques in Woven Fabrics

Selvedge Formation Techniques in Woven Fabrics

Manohar D Agasthya
Govt Institute of Textile Technology, Bangalore, India
Email: manusamarth00@gmail.com

Selvedge:

The warp way strip which form’s the edge of a peace of cloth is known as selvedge.

Selvedge of woven fabric

It serves the following purposes :-

1. To bind at least one of the extreme ends with the weft for preventing fraying of the cloth.
2. To provide extra strength in the edge’s where the cloth is held by clips in the subsequent finishing process.
3. To provide end capable of withstanding of greater abrasion by the reed occurring at the edges of the warp.
4. To provide space for ornamentation as in saree or dhoti identification.

According to the interlacing or the type of loom these are classified into two types namely

1. Conventional selvedge
2. Unconventional selvedge

Classification of selvedge

Conventional selvedge :-
It is formed because the shuttle contains enough weft for several picks ,and picking motion is arranged in both the side of the loom.

Unconventional selvedge:-
It is employed in the conventional loom like rapier, air jet, projectile weaving, as the picking mechanism is arranged only at one side of the loom .

Three kinds of selvedges can be formed:

• Tucked-in selvedges
• Chain stitch selvedge
• Leno selvedges
• Fused selvedges

Tucked in selvedge:-
A special hooked needle driven by a cam produces, after cutting the insertion of the producing thread end into the subsequent shed, thus forming a strong edge.

Tucked in selvedge

Chain stitch selvedge:-
These type of selvedge are mostly produced in shuttle less narrow fabric weaving mechanism in which the picking takes place by means of needle.

Chain stitch

Leno selvedge :-
These selvedge are obtained by binding the weft with strong additional threads working in gauze weave and by eliminating through cutting the protruding weft ends.

Leno selvedge

Fused selvedge:-
These are obtained by pressing a hot mechanical elements on the fabric edge. Some times used to split the wider fabrics into narrow fabrics.

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Mazharul Islam Kiron is a textile consultant and researcher on online business promotion. He is working with one European textile machinery company as a country agent. He is also a contributor of Wikipedia.

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